A watan Disamba ne sararin samaniyar Sudan ya dan sarara daga kugin bama-bamai a sanadiyar yakin da aka kusa kwashe shekara ana gwabzawa a kasar.
Najwa mai shekara 30 mai ‘ya’ya uku tana tuna wani yammacin watarana a karshen 2023 cikin alhini da damuwa.
“Wata rana da misalin karfe hudu, wasu mutane dauke da makamai suka kawo mana hari. An kashe wasu, amma ni da yarana muka samu tsira,” inji ta a tattaunawarta da manema labarai.
Wannan wani tabo ne da ke zuciyar Najwa, wanda sanadiyarsa ne Najwa da iyalanta suka fara zirya daga wannan wajen zuwa wancan domin samun matsuguni a matsayin ‘yan gudun hijira ba tare da tabbacin inda za su je ba.
Dole ita da yaranta da sauran daruruwan mutane suka tsere zuwa Zelingei da ke tsakiyar Dafur bayan yaki tsakanin sojojin Sudan wato SAF da jami’an tsaron farin kaya na RSF masu tada kayar baya ya kazance a kusa da sansanin gudun hijira na Hasahisa.
Yanzu da Najwa da yaranta suna rayuwa ne a kufan wani banki da aka fasa a birnin tare da wasu mutanen.
“Ba za a kira wannan wajen da gida ba. Haka kuma ba mu da abinci,” inji ta a tattaunawarta da manema labari. “Ba mu taba samun wani tallafi ba, ko sabulu ba mu taba samu ba. Idan ruwan sama ya sauko yanzu, ba mu da inda za mu je ba.”
Tafiya babu wajen zuwa
Tun bayan da aka fara yaki a 15 ga Afrilun 2023, kasar Sudan ta shiga cikin bukatar agajin gaggawa mafi muni, inda sama da mutum miliyan 8.6 suka rasa muhallansu, ciki har da masu neman mafaka a wasu kasashen saboda yaki.
Haka kuma rikicin kabilanci da fari da kasar ta dade tana fama da su sun taimaka wajen kara ta’azzara lamarin.
Kungiyar likitoci ta Doctors Without Borders, ta ruwaito cewa kusan mutum miliyan 6.5 ne suka rasa muhallansu a cikin kasar.
Babban Kwamishinan Harkokin ‘Yan Gudun Hijira na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya, UNHCR, ya kiyasta cewa an tilasta akalla mutum miliyan 117 daga barin muhallansu a duniya a sanadiyar yaki da rikice-rikicen gikin gida da sauyin yanayi da sauransu.
Daga cikinsu, akalla miliyan 43.4 ‘yan gudun hijira ne, sannan kashi 40 kuma suka kasance masu shekaru kasa da 18.
Sai dai duk da kasancewar Sudan a cikin kasashen da matsalar gudun hijira ta fi kamari, kungiyoyin agajin gaggawa na duniya ba su dawo kasar ba tun kwashe mutane da aka yi na farko a farko-farkon fara yakin.
Yawancin wadanda suka bar muhallinsu a kasar, sun yi haka ne saboda yawaitar hare-hare da sata daga bangarorin da suke gwabza yakin, inda a wasu lokutan ma ake kashe masu aikin agajin.
“Daga cikin manyan matsalolin akwai tabarbarewar matsalar tsaro,” inji Igor Garcia, jami’an hulda da jama’a na Kungiyar likitoci ta Doctors without borders.
“Kusan kullum garuruwan da ake yakin suna cikin kugin hare-haren bindiga da bama-bamai ne. Dole ne mutane su tsere su bar garuruwansu. Kuma idan sun sun samu wajen da yake da dan dama-dama, sai ya kasance ba sa samun agaji.”
Kusan wata shida ke nan Aissa da iyalanta, wadanda masu gudun hijira ne a sansanin gudun hijira na Al-Hasahisa da ke Zelingei suke rayuwa a cikin kwantena.
A shekarar 2023 ce aka tarwatsa gidansu a sanadiyar yakin.
Da karfin da yaji aka tilasta mana barin muhallinmu,” inji Aissa mai shekara 50 a tattaunawarta da manema labarai, sannan ta kara da cewa, “an kashe wasu daga cikin mazanmu, wasu kuma an kama su an tsare. “An kuma sace mana kayayyakinmu. A lokacin da muke kokarin guduwa kuma ‘yan bindiga sun tsare mu, suka daure wasu daga cikinmu, sannan suka ci zarafin kananan yara maza.”
Kamar yadda yakin ke kara tsawaita da ta’azzara, haka ake samun karin mutane masu barin muhallinsu.
UNHCR ya ce bayan Sudan, a shekara biyu da suka gabata kasashen Myanmar da Gabashin Dimokuradiyyar Jamhuriyar Congo da Falasdinu da Ukraine ma sun shiga matsananciyar matsalar masu gudun hijira.
An samu rahotanni da dama da suke nuna kai hari a kan masu gudun hijira da kyamatarsu a kasashen da suke zaune. A wasu lokutan ma, wannan matsalar ce take kawo tsaiko wajen kai musu agajin gaggawa.
Ba masu gudun hijirar nan tallafin da suke bukata “ya yi matukar wahalar,” inji Garcia na Kungiyar MSF.
“A wasu yankunan da ke karkashin RSF, matsalar rashin tsaron ya fi zafi, inda ma’aikan lafiya suma suke shiga cikin hatsari.”
Aissa da wasu miliyoyin mutane irinta suna shan wahala wajen aikace-aikacen da za su samu abin sakawa a bakin salati.
“Zagayawa muke yi a cikin birane idan mun samu wanda yake so a masa wanki ko wasu aikace-aikacen sai mu yi domin mu samu kudi,” in ji Aissa.
Garcia ya ce yadda ba a cika maganar halin da Sudan take ciki ba a game wannan matsalar shi ne abu mafi muni.
“Kasar Sudan da mutanensta suna bukatar duniya ta waiwaye su. Sannan mu a bangarenmu muna da alhakin yin magana a game da matsalar domin jawo hankalin duniya.”
